| Ad
Hoc Charter |
| A
one-off charter operated at the whim of airline or scharterer. |
| Air
Waybill |
Contact
documents between shipper and carrier setting down conditions
of carriage
of goods. |
| Belly
Cargo |
| Freight
carried in the hold below the main (passenger) deck. |
| Belly
Hold |
| Freight
accommodation below the main deck. |
| Bermuda
Agreement |
An
agreement concludes in 1946 between th UK and the US, designed
to regulate future interantional air traffic. Most governments
accept its principles and follow it inter alia by limiting
traffic rights on
international rutes to one or two cariers. |
| Bilateral
Rights |
| Agreements
on traffice rights concluded between two governments. |
| Bloodstock |
| Pedigree
Livestock. Often race horses of cattle for breeding. |
| Breakpoint |
| Weight
at which freight charges change eg 100 kilos. |
| Cabotage |
| Where
cargo is carried on what is essentially a domestic flight
and therefore not subject to international agreements that
fix set rates. Cabotage rafes are negotiable between shipper
and airline and apply on flights within a country and to its
overseas territories. |
| Chargeable
kilo |
| Rate
for goods where volume exceeds six cubic metres to the tonne. |
| Charter |
| Orginally
meant a flight where a shipper contracted hire of an aircraft
from an airline. Has usually come to mean any non-scheduled
commercial service. |
| CIF |
| Cost,
Insurance and Freight, Term used to describe shipment for
which costs have been prepaid by exporter (Consignor.) |
| Class
Rates |
| Tariffs
applied to cargo of a designated class for a started area
or route. Usually expressed as a discount or premium over
GCR. |
| Combi |
| An
aircraft with pallet or container capacity on its main deck
as well as in its belly holds. |
| Consolidator |
| An
agent which brings together a number of shipments for one
destination to qualify for preferential airline rates. |
| Contract
Rate |
| A
charge levied by carriers selling capacity forward over a
given route to a shipper or forwarder; the client is therefore
assured of capacity, which must be paid for regardless of
load carried. |
| DCA |
| Dept
of Civil Aviation. Commonly used term to denote the government
department of any foreign country that is responsible for
avation regulation and granting traffic rights. |
| Dead
Leg |
| A
sector flown without payload. |
| Dry
Lease |
| The
rental of a "clean" aircraft without crew, ground staff or
supporting equipment. |
| Empty
Leg |
| Results
from an aircraft primarily chartered outbound having cargo
capacity inbound orvica verca. A cheap form of airfreight. |
| FAK |
| Freight
all Kinds - uniform airline chargingscale applying to a number
of commodities;as opposed to SCR (Specific CommodityRate)
applying to one commodity only. |
|
| Fifth
Freedom Flight |
| Where
cargo is carried by an airline between two countries in neither
of which it is based. |
| Flag
Carrier |
| An
airline of one national registry whose government gives it
partial or total monopoly over international routes. |
| Fourth
Freedom Flight |
| Where
cargo is carried by an airline from a foreign country to the
country in which it is bases. |
| Gateway |
| Port
of entry into a country or region. |
| GCR |
| General
Cargo Rate. The basic tariff category which was introduced
to cover most air cargo; now covers only a minority, the remainder
being under SCR or class rates. |
| GSA |
| General
Sales Agent acting on behalf of an airline. Usually Broker
or Forwarder. |
| House
Air Waybill (HAWB) |
| Document
covering conditions of goods transportet in a forwarder's
consolidation. |
| Igloo |
| Container
designed to occupy full main deck width of carrying aircraft. |
| Integrated
Carrier |
| Forwarder
which uses own aircraft, whether owned or leased, rather than
scheduled airlines. |
| Interline |
| Mutal
agreement between airlines to link their route network. |
| Livestock |
| Common
farm animals. |
| Load
Factor |
| Capacity
sold as against capacity available, expressed as a percentage. |
| National
Carrier |
| A
flag carrier owned or controlled by the state. |
| No
Objection Certificate |
| Document
provided by scheduled or national airlines of many countries
declaring no objection to a proposed charter flight operated
by another airline. Often demanded by government authorities
before they grant permission for a charter flight to take
place. |
| No
Objection Fee |
| Som
of money paid by a charter airline normally to a scheduled
airline in order that it waives its right of objection to
its government, thus allowing a charter to take place. Tantamount
to a bribe. The amount is usually a fixed percentage of the
gross cost of a charter. Common pratice in the Middle East
and Africa. |
| Off-line |
| Describes
an airline that sells in a market to which it does not operate.
An Off-Line carrier will use another operator to link with
ist network. |
| Pallet |
| Load
carrying platform to which loose cargo is secured before placing
aboard the aircraft. |
| Pallet
Extender |
| Fashionable
metal or cardboard device to increase pallet capacity. |
| Part
Charter |
| Where
part of an airline scheduled flight is sold as if it were
a charter in its own right. (Often wrongly used as a synonym
for split charter). |
| Part
Load Charter |
| Where
a part of an aircraft's load is discharged at one destination
and aprt of it at another. This is distinct from a split charter
where a number of consignments are carried to the same destination.
Inbound, part loads are treated as single entity charters
under the regulations of most countries. |
| Parishables |
Any
cargo that loses considerable value if it
is delayed in transportation. (Usually refer
to fresh friut and vegetables). |
|
| Pivot
Weight |
| That
weight of a ULD above which a higher tariff applies; in effect
an incentive to maximise cargo density. |
| Proof
of Delivery |
| Add-on
service in express market, delivered either by phone or courier.
Often offered free. |
| Route |
| An
established air passage, from point of departure to terminating
station. |
| Royalty |
| A
charge on charter flights levied by some governments before
traffic rights are granted. Somtimes called a "no objection
fee". Usually a fixed proportion of total charter value. |
| Scheduled
Flight |
| Any
service that operates to a set timetable. |
| SCR |
| Specific
Commodity Rate. Applied to narrowly specified commodities.
Usually granted on relatively large shipments. Theoretically
is of limited time duration. |
| Sector |
| Distance
between two ground points within a route. |
| Shipper |
| Term
used to describe exporter. Mostly manufacturing companies. |
| Single
Entity Charter |
| A
non-scheduled flight carrying the cargo of one shipper. |
| Split
Charter |
| Where
a number of consignments from different shippers are carried
on the same non-scheduled aircraft. Under UK regulations a
non-scheduled flight chartered by a single forwarder or agent
on behalf of a number of shippers is still classified as a
split charter. Under US regulations, a forwarding chartered
flight is classified as a single entity although it can consolidate. |
| Third
Freedom Flight |
Where
cargo is carried by an airline, from the country in which
it is based, to a foreign
country. |
| Traffic
Conferences |
| Rating-fixing
machinery operated by IATA. |
| Traffic
Rights |
| Government
controls on the type and frequency of commercial flights into
or out of its territory. See Freedoms of the Air. |
| Ton-Kilometre |
| Measure
of airline freight capacity. |
| Transhipment |
| Freight
that switches aircraft before final destination, often to
take advantage of cheaper rates. |
| Transport
Index |
| The
number expressing the maximum radiation level in a package
of ULD. |
| ULD |
| Unit
Load Device. Pallet or Container for freight. |
| Unitisation |
| The
packing of single or multiple consignments into ULDs of pallets. |
| Universal
Postal Union |
| Organisation
which negotiates international mail charges. |
| Weight
Load Factor |
| Payload
achieved as against available, expressed as a percentage.
Cargo is frequently limited by volume rather than weight;
hence weight load factors of 100% are rarely achieved. |
| Wet
Lease |
| An
arrangement for renting an aircraft under which the owner
provides crews; ground support equipment, fuel and so on (of
dry lease). |
| Yield |
| Revenue,
not necessarily profitable, per unit of traffic. |
|
| |
